Nearly three-fourths of Earth is covered by oceans, making the planet look like a pale blue dot from space. But Japanese ...

In the waters off Iwo Jima, a volcanic island in Japan’s Satsuma archipelago, the sea has a distinct green tint. It’s not ...

But while lifeless during that time, the planet was already covered by vast oceans dotted with hydrothermal vent systems that ...

The earliest lifeforms, cyanobacteria, appeared around 4 billion years ago. These organisms, now known as algae, were among ...