They carved up the Middle East map with the stroke of a pen, and we have lived with the consequences ever since. The San Remo Conference in 1920 codified colonial interests out of the remains of ...

Colonial borders still shape today’s global conflicts. Drawn without consent, these lines continue to fuel wars, identity crises, and political instability across Africa, Asia, and the Middle East ...

The American presence in the Middle East is considerably larger. It operates a broad network of sites across at least 19 locations in the wider region, according to the Council on Foreign Relations.