For many years, scientists had had difficulties studying migration in insects because of their size and experts’ inability to ...

Unlike some bird species, where specific genetic variants influence migration routes, painted lady butterflies appear to rely on environmental cues. Researchers suggest that phenotypic plasticity – ...

This has helped biologists to track their migration routes. Butterflies without such well-defined aggregations are more difficult to track, however. For example, painted lady butterflies often ...

much remains unknown about the migration of painted ladies. Does the observed pattern apply to the broad geographic distribution of the painted lady? Is this phenomenon unique to butterflies, or ...