In one scenario for mineral fractionation between volcanic and plutonic rocks, eruptible felsic melt ... the presence of extreme outliers (for example, several orders of magnitude farther from ...

Keller and colleagues 1 report one of the most compelling examples ... of plutonic rocks (which formed from magmas that slowly cooled within the Earth) with those of volcanic rocks (formed when ...

"This study highlights how changes at Earth's surface, particularly in ocean chemistry, are recorded in the deep Earth through the volcanic rocks formed in subduction zones. It's a great example ...

The rocks could provide vital information about ... embedded in a glassy mass that is known to form here on Earth via volcanic activity. Also present in the lunar regolith samples is an olivine ...

"The general assumption was that the moon is such a small body compared to Earth and Mars, for example ... rocks that Chang'e-5 brought back are about 2 billion years old, and they're volcanic.

Researchers have had their first-ever look at samples brought back from the Moon’s far side — and the rocks detail a history of volcanic activity that spans billions of years. “We can tell ...