There are many health benefits of physical activity, including the prevention of chronic diseases and improving longevity.

Muscle cramping during exercise is a common problem among athletes that involves sudden, involuntary and painful muscle contraction during or after exercise. The occurrence of cramps is quite ...

Ketone esters have received a lot of attention amongst elite athletes but also in the media. We covered the potential role of ketones in these previous blogs (effects on glycogen and performance and ...

Caffeine is both a drug and a nutrient. A cup of coffee in the morning is used to wake up a cup in the evening is often used to work or study late. Athletes often use it to improve endurance ...

In a previous blog Not all carbs are equal we saw that some carbohydrates are used more rapidly than others, but no carbohydrates are used at rates higher than 60 g/h. Why is this? Why can you not use ...

Sodium is the most talked about electrolyte... it is often talked about in relation to hydration but what exactly is it and what exactly does it do? Sodium plays a role in fluid balance, absorption of ...

The studies by David Costill in the late 1970s (2) showed that caffeine can increase the mobilisation of fatty acids from their stores. Fat is stored in several tissues but mostly in adipose tissues.

The schematic above demonstrates that if you spend all your time and energy on supplements, and the focus on meals to support your athletic goals comes as an afterthought, you may be building a ...

Sodium is said to be important for athletes, and different arguments are used to explain why it is so essential. We will dive into the evidence a little more but the infographic below will already ...

There are countless times I have watched sports on TV and commentators provide their insights on the regulation of fuel use. “And then you switch to fat metabolism” is one of the commonly heard catch ...

Guidelines 10 years ago stated that carbohydrate intake during exercise should be 30-60 grams per hour, this developed to intakes of 90 g/h in some situations, but recently a paper was published that ...