One common substitute is polyvinyl chloride, which is made from the chemical vinyl chloride, a known human carcinogen. There is an ongoing debate about the amount of vinyl chloride that’s in PVC ...

Another reason is that these long skinny molecules are loosely packed together. Polyvinyl chloride is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and chlorine atoms. If you compare polyvinyl chloride to polyethylene ...

Upcycling Poly(vinyl chloride) and Polystyrene Plastics Using ... 2025 edition of the Journal of the American Chemical Society. No conflicts of interest. Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert!