Here's an explanation of what the injury is: The patellar retinaculum (the tissue around the knee) is a structure that helps keep the kneecap in place and stable as it moves. It has two main parts ...

A lateral collateral ligament (LCL) sprain occurs when there is a tear in the ligaments on the outside of the knee. Causes include sports injuries and accidents. Symptoms include pain, swelling ...

Common pathologies Common pathologies associated with a first-time lateral patella dislocation includes medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) injury and medial patellofemoral retinaculum disruption.

When the patella does not center in the trochlear groove of the femur, it causes grinding, popping, swelling and pain. There are many reasons that the patella does not center in the groove.

Sensing a boggy endpoint and > 4 mm movement suggest a second-degree lateral sprain. Greater than 4 mm of movement and no endpoint suggest a third-degree lateral sprain. Squeeze the malleoli together.