China’s growing capabilities in science and technology have raised concerns about global power balances. In his CSS Analysis, Leo Eigner describes how, as geopolitical tensions increase, China is ...

This workshop report written by several CSS experts summarizes the discussions and insights from a workshop organized by the Center for Security Studies. The event convened international experts in ...

The Russian Analytical Digest (RAD) analyzes recent events, trends and developments within contemporary Russian politics, economics and business, foreign policy, security and society. Each issue ...

Max Smeets ist Senior Researcher am Center for Security Studies (CSS) der ETH Zürich und Co-Direktor von Virtual Routes. Er ist der Autor von ‘Ransom War: How Cyber Crime became a Threat to National ...

Since 2004, the CSS has been jointly supported by ETH Zürich and the Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport (DDPS). An advisory board staffed by representatives of both institutions ...

The IT Army of Ukraine was stood up in an ad-hoc manner without a clearly structured and proven plan. Born out of necessity, the IT Army subsequently evolved into a hybrid construct that is neither ...

NATO has designated cyberspace as a domain of warfare and recognized that an adversarial cyber campaign could trigger the Alliance’s collective defense mechanism under Article 5. Given the ...

Reports and information disclosures by threat intelligence providers, government agencies, think tanks, and online hacktivists have exposed China’s elaborate multifaceted “hack-for-hire” ecosystem ...

This report discusses significant milestones in the development of ransomware, and what turned them into a significant threat to human and national security.

Since the “Zeitenwende”, the shape of Switzerland’s neutrality has once again become a controversial subject domestically. The Federal Council has so far seen no need to change course, but will have ...

This edited volume compiled by CSS director Andreas Wenger and Alex S. Wilner focuses on contemporary denial, bridging the theoretical gap that persists between classical deterrence theory and ...

The Taliban’s takeover of Afghanistan could serve as an important test for relations between China and Russia. The emerging situation could stimulate increased bilateral cooperation, including in ...